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§¡¶Õ¦]¯À·s©t¥ß¥D¸q±µÄ²¬Fµ¦¦X§@¦w¥þÀu¶Õ¾Ô²¤§¡¶Õ¾Ô²¤ºû«ù§¡¶Õ¶ì³y§¡¶Õ¨Ì¾a§¡¶Õ¤Ï§¡¶Õ§¡¶Õ¯S¼x§@¬°¥Øªºªº§¡¶Õ(¦a°Ï§¡¶Õ)§@¬°¤â¬qªº§¡¶Õ(¤j°ê§¡¶Õ)³n§¡¶Õ(¥þ²y§¡¶Õ)ÅQÅv§¡¶Õ¬ü°ê¤§§@¬°¨£Stanley Hoffman, "Bush Abroad," New York Review of Book, June 24, 1992, in Charles W. Kegley, Jr., and Cregory A. Raymond, A Multipolar Peace? Great Power Politics in the Twenty-first Century (NY: St. Martin's Press, 1994), p.181.§@¬°®ÇÆ[ªÌªº¬ü°ê§@¬°¯|½X(¥­¿ÅªÌ)ªº¬ü°ê§@¬°§þ§ý(¥òµôªÌ)ªº¬ü°ê§@¬°¤äÂIªº¬ü°êµø¨¤»P²z©À°ê¥Á©Ê(¬ü°ê¨Ò¥~½×exceptionalism)°ê®a©Ê(¬ü°ê¦¡ªºÂX±i¥D¸q)°ê»Ú©Ê(¥@¬É¯´§Ç½×)¥@¬É©Ê(¬ü°ê»â¾É)¨ÒÃÒ¤å©ú½Ä¬ð½×·s¤z¯A¥D¸q¥Á¥D©M¥­½×¤¤°ê«Â¯Ù½×¤G 20¥@¬ö¬ü°ê§¡¶Õ¾Ô²¤ªººtÅܮھڪk°ê¾ÇªÌ¹p»X¡Pªü¶©ªº½×­z¡Aºû«ù§¡¶ÕÅé¨t¥²¶·¹ê²{¥|­Ó±ø¥ó°Ñ¨£­Ù¥@¶¯¡Bª÷À³©¾¥D½s¡G¡m·í¥N¬ü°ê°ê»ÚÃö«Y²z½×¬y¬£¤å¿ï¡n¡A¾ÇªL¥Xª©ªÀ¡A1987¦~ª©¡A²Ä156-161­¶¡C¡A§Y°ê»ÚªÀ·|¥D­n¦æ¬°ªÌ¥²¶·¬O¦h©ó¨â­Ó--³q±`¬O¤­¡B¤»­Ó§Y¨Ï¤£¬O¶Õ§¡¤O¼Ä¤]¬O¬Û®tµL´Xªº¹ï¤â¡F­n¦³¤@­ÓÃöÁ䪺¨î¿Å¨t²Î¡A§Y´X­Ó¥D­n°ê®aÁp¦X°_¨Ó¥H«ÂÄà¡B«d®z¤@­Ó©Î´X­Ó±j°êªºÂX±i¯à¤O¡F¦b¥D­n¦æ¬°ªÌ¤§¶¡¥²¶·¦³¦@¦Pªº»y¨¥©M¦æ¬°ªº³W«h¡F°ê»ÚÅv¤Oµ¥¯Åªº¦s¦b¡C±q¥þ²y¨¤«×Á¿¡Aų©ó¬ü°ê¦b¦a½tÀu¶Õ¡Bºî¦X°ê¤O»P·NÃѧκA¤è­±ªº¯S®í¦a¦ì¡C20¥@¬ö³Ì¦³¸ê®æ±Ä¥Î§¡¶Õ¾Ô²¤ªº«K¬O¬ü°ê¡A¨äÅQÅv¾Ô²¤¬O¥H§¡¶Õ¡]¤j°ê§¡¶Õ¡B¦a°Ï§¡¶Õ¡^¬°°ò¦ªº¡C¤£¦P®É´Áªº¬ü°ê§¡¶Õ¾Ô²¤Ãþ«¬©M¯S¼x¥iÂk¯Ç¦p¤U¡G

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  5. ¡§ÅQÅv§¡¶Õ¡¨·t«ü¬ü°êªºÂù­«¨¤¦â¦a¦ì¡A¨ä¤@¬O§@¬°¦a°Ï§¡¶Õ¤O¶qªº¬ü°ê(·¥¤Æªº¬ü°ê)¡A¨ä¤G¬O§@¬°¥þ²y§¡¶ÕÅé¨t¤¤ÅQÅv¤O¶qªº¬ü°ê(»â¾ÉªÌªº¬ü°ê)¡A¤Ï¬M¥X§N¾Ôµ²§ô«á³æ·¥¤Æ»P¦h·¥¤Æªº¥Ù¬Þ¡C°Ñ¨£Richard K. Betts, "Wealth, Power, and Instability," International Security, Vol.18, No.3, Winter 1993/1994, pp.34-77¡FÃö©ó§N¾Ô«á¥@¬Éªº³æ·¥--¦h·¥®æ§½°ÝÃD°Ñ¨£Joseph S. Nye Jr., "What New World Order?" , Foreign Affairs, Spring 1992; Samuel P. Huntington, "The Lonely Superpower," Foreign Affairs, Vol.78, No.2, March/April 1999.«eªÌ´£¥X¡§³æ·¥--¦h·¥¡¨½Æ¦X¥@¬É²z½×¡A«áªÌ»{¬°²{¤µ°ê»Ú®æ§½¬O¤@ºØ¥þ·sªº³æ·¥--¦h·¥(uni-multipolar)Åé¨t¡C

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§N¾Ôµ²§ô«á¡A¥þ²y©Êªº¶i§ð--¨¾¿m¥­¿Å³QÄY­«¥´¯}¡A­±¹ï³o¤@¥¢¿Åªº¥@¬É¡A¬ü°ê§@¬°°ß¤@ªº¥¼¨ü¬ù§ôªº¶W¯Å¤j°ê(unchecked superpower)¡A¨ä¨î­q¹ï¥~¾Ô²¤ªº°ê¤º°ê»ÚÀô¹ÒªÅ«e¦Û¥Ñ¡A¦]¦Ó¬J¬O¥ÑùئV¥~¬Ý¡]¥@¬Éªº¬ü°ê¡^ªºµ²ªG¡A¤S¬O±q¥~¦Vùجݡ]¬ü°êªº¥@¬É¡^ªº²£ª«¡A«eªÌ¬O§¡¶Õ¾Ô²¤¡A«áªÌªí²{¬°ÅQÅv¾Ô²¤¡A¦]¦ÓÁ`Åé¤W§N¾Ôµ²§ô«á¬ü°ê±À¦æªº¬O¤@ºØÅQÅv§¡¶Õ(Hegemonic Balance-of-Power)¾Ô²¤¡C³oºØ¾Ô²¤¬J¤£¦P¤_¶Ç²ÎªºÅQÅv¾Ô²¤¡A¤S¦³§O¤_¶Ç²Îªº§¡¶Õ¾Ô²¤¡A¨ä¥Øªº¦b©ó¹K¨î¦a°Ï±j°ê¡A¨¾¤î¦a°Ï«Â¯Ù©Ê¬D¾Ô°êªº¥X²{¡C±q¬ü°ê¬Ý±À¦æªº¬O¡§«Â¯Ù§¡¶Õ¡¨(Balance of Threat)¡F±q¥@¬É¬Ý«h¬O¡§¤O¶q§¡¶Õ¡¨(Balance of Power). ¦³¾ÇªÌ¹ïBalance of Power©MBalance of Threat¾Ô²¤§@¤F°Ï¤À¡A»{¬°«eªÌ¾A¥Î©ó¸gÀÙ»â°ì¡]¸û´dÆ[¡^¡A«áªÌ¾A¥Î¤_¦w¥þ»â°ì¡]¸û¼ÖÆ[¡^¡C¨£Michael Mastanduno: "Preserving the Unipolar Moment: Realist Theories and U.S. Grand strategy after the Cold War," International Security, Vol.21, No.4 (Spring 1997), pp.49-88.¨ãÅé¤À­z¦p¤U¡G

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